EXCRETION

EXCRETION

1. Main function of uriniferous tubules

a. Concentration of urine

b. Passage of urine

c. Reabsorption of useful substances from glomerular filtrate

d. Removal of urea and other waste from blood

2. The mechanism of urine formation in nephrone involves

a. Utrafiltration

b. Secretion

c. Reabsorption

d. All of above

3. Which hormone induced the process of reabsorption from glomerulus?

a. Oxytosin

b. Vasopressin

c. Relaxin

d. Calcitonin

4. Glucose is reabsorbed from glomerular filtrate through

a. Active transport

b. Passive transport

c. Osmosis

d. Diffusion

5. Part not belonging to uriniferous tubule is

a. Glomerules

b. Henle’s loop

c. Distal convoluted tubule

d. Connecting tubule

6. The two kidneys lie

a. At the level of ovaries

b. At the same level

c. Left kidney at a higher level than the right one

d. Right kidney at a higher level than the left one

7. Which blood vessel takes blood away from kidney?

a. Renal portal vein

b. Renal vein

c. Afferent arteriole

d. Efferent arteriole

8. Which hormone influences the activity of kidney?

a. Vasopressin

b. Thyroxin

c. Vasopressin and aldosterone

d. Gonadotrophin

9. Excretory product of birds and reptiles is

a. Urea

b. Uric acid

c. Ammonia

d. Creatinin

10. Blood which leaves liver and passes towards heart has higher concentration of

a. Bile

b. Oxygen

c. RBCs

d. Urea

11. Urea is transformed through

a. RBCs

b. WBCs

c. blood plasma

d. All of above

12. A person undergoing prolonged fasting his urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of

a. Fats

b. Amino acid

c. Glucose

d. Ketones

13. The net pressure gradient that cause the fluid to filter out the glomerulus into

the capsule is

a. 50 mm hg

b. 75 mm hg

c. 20 mm hg

d. 30 mm hg

14. In ornithine cycle which of the following waste are removed from the blood? a. CO2 and urea

b. Ammonia and urea

c. CO2 and ammonia

d. Urea and urine

15. Angiotensinogen is a protein produced and secreted by.

a. Juxtaglomerular (JG) cells

b. Macula densa cells

c. Endothelial cells of blood vessels

d. Liver cells

16. A person who is in a long hunger strike and is surviving only on water will have

a. Less amino acids in his urine

b. More glucose in his blood

c. Less urea in his urine

d. More sodium in his urine

17. Uric acid is the chief nitrogenous component of the excretory product of

a. Earthworm

b. Cockroach

c. Frog

d. Man

18. The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in human is synthesized

a. in kidney but eliminated mostly though liver

b. in kidney as well as eliminated by kidneys

c. in the liver but eliminated mostly though kidneys

d. In the liver and also eliminated mostly by the same bile

19. Uricotelic mode of excreting nitrogenous waste is found

a. Reptiles and birds

b. Birds and annelids

c. Amphibians and reptiles

d. Insects and amphibians

20. A fall in glomerular filtration rate

a. Juxtaglomerular cells to release rennin

b. Adrenal cortex to release aldosterone

c. Adrenal medulla to release adernaline

d. Posterior pituitary to release ADH

21. Haemodialysis is also called as artificial

a. Liver

b. Lung

c. Heart

d. Kidney

22. Which one is an accessory excretory organ?

a. Liver

b. Stomach

c. intestine

d. Heart

23. Part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is

a. PCT

b. Ascending limb of Henle's loop

c. Bowman’s capsule

d. DCT

24. Haemodialysis helps the paitent having

a. Goitre

b. Anaemia

c. Uremia

d. Diabetes

25. Lungs expel

a. CO2

b. H2O

c. CO2 and water

d. CO2 and water vapour

26. The glomeruli are continued to the

a. Medulla

b. Calyces

c. Cortex

d. Renal Pelvis

27. The kidney of adult mammals is

a. Opisthonephron

b. pronephros

c. Mesonephros

d. Metanephros

28. A kidney stone is

a. Blockage by fats

b. Deposition of sand in kidney

c. A salt such as oxalate crystallized in pelvis

d. Blockage by proteins

29. Which of the following is both osmoregulator as well as nitrogenous product a. NH3

b. Urea

c. Uric acid

d. All of these

30. Which of these is not a ketone body

a. Acetoacetic acid

b. Acetone

c. Succinic acid

d. Betahydroxybutyric acid

31. Excretory organs of cockroach are

a. Malpighian corpuscles

b. Malpighian tubules

c. Hepetic caecae

d. Green glands

32. Juxtaglomerular cells of renal cortex synthesize a hormone called:

a. ADH

b. Oxytocin

c. Renin

d. Urochrom

33. Which blood vessel carries least amount of urea?

a. Pulmonary vein

b. renal artery

c. renal vein

d. Hepatic portal vein

34. Human urine is usually acidic because:

a. hydrogen ions are activity secreted into the filtrate

b. the sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular capillaries

c. excreted plasma proteins are acidic

d. potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity

35. Grafted kidney may be rejected in a patient due to

a. Innate immune response

b. Humoral immune response

c. Cell-mediated immune response

d. Passive immune response

36. Human urine is usually acidic because:

a. hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate.

b. the sodium transported exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubuar capaillaries.

c. excreted plasma proteins are acidic

d. potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity.

37. In mammals, which blood vessel would normally carry largest amount of urea?

a. Renal Vein

b. Dorsal Aorta

c. Hepatic Vein

d. Hepatic Portal Vein

38. Which of the following statement is correct?

a. The descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water.

b. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water

c. The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes.

d. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water